PENGARUH INFLASI DAN NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) TERHADAP NET PROFIT MARGIN (NPM) DI PT BANK CENTRAL ASIA TBK PERIODE 2021–2025

Veti Barokah; Siti Fatonah; Leni Triana

doi:10.53363/yud.v6i2.203

Authors

Veti Barokah Universitas Bina Bangsa
Siti Fatonah Universitas Bina Bangsa
Leni Triana Universitas Bina Bangsa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53363/yud.v6i2.203

Keywords:

Inflation, Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Profitability.

Abstract

Profitability is one of the key indicators used to evaluate the financial performance of banking institutions. Fluctuations in Net Profit Margin (NPM) are influenced by both external and internal factors, particularly inflation and Non-Performing Loans (NPL). Inflation may affect economic activities and banking operations, while a high NPL ratio reflects increasing credit risk, which may reduce the bank's profitability and financial performance. This study aims to examine the effect of inflation on Net Profit Margin (NPM), the effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) on Net Profit Margin (NPM), and the simultaneous effect of inflation and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) on Net Profit Margin (NPM) at PT Bank Central Asia Tbk during the 2021–2025 period. This research employed a quantitative approach with an associative research design. The study utilized secondary data obtained from the annual financial statements of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk and inflation data published by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) for the period 2021–2025. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression supported by classical assumption tests, partial tests (t-test), simultaneous tests (F-test), and the coefficient of determination (R²). The results of the study indicate that, partially, inflation has a negative and significant effect on Net Profit Margin (NPM), with t-count > t-table, namely -2.593 > -2.008, and a significance value of 0.0123 < 0.05. Meanwhile, Non-Performing Loans (NPL) have a negative and significant effect on Net Profit Margin (NPM), with t-count > t-table, namely -2.936 > -2.008, and a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05. Simultaneously, inflation and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) have a significant effect on Net Profit Margin (NPM) at PT Bank Central Asia Tbk during the 2021–2025 period. In conclusion, inflation and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) are important determinants of Net Profit Margin (NPM). Therefore, the company is expected to maintain sound credit quality and anticipate changes in macroeconomic conditions to sustain profitability and improve financial performance.

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